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ICA · In force

The Indian Contract Act, 1872

Contracts.

118 sections · As amended up to 2026-08

Sections

  1. X — AGENCY
  2. 1See , however, the Registration Act, 1908 (16 of 1908), s. 33; see also the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), Sch. I, Order III, rule 4
  3. 2Cf . the Indian Fatal Accidents Act, 1855 (13 of 1855)
  4. IX — OF BAILMENT
  5. 3Ss. 178 and 178A subs. by Act 4 of 1930, s. 2, for the original s. 178
  6. II — OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS
  7. 4Cf. the Arbitration Act, 1940 (10 of 1940) and the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), s. 389
  8. I — OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS
  9. 5Revocation of proposals and acceptances
  10. 6Revocation how made
  11. 7Acceptance must be absolute
  12. 8Acceptance by performing conditions, or receiving consideration
  13. 9Promises, express and implied
  14. II — OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS
  15. 10What agreements are contracts
  16. 11Who are competent to contract
  17. 12What is a sound mind for the purposes of contracting
  18. 13"Consent" defined
  19. 14"Free consent" defined
  20. 15"Coercion" defined
  21. 17"Fraud" defined
  22. 18"Misrepresentation" defined
  23. 19Voidability of agreements without free consent
  24. 19APower to set aside contract induced by undue influence
  25. 21Effect of mistakes as to law
  26. 22Contract caused by mistake of one party as to matter of fact
  27. 23What considerations and objects are lawful, and what not
  28. 25Section 25
  29. 26Agreement in restraint of marriage, void
  30. 27Agreement in restraint of trade, void
  31. 29Agreements void for uncertainty
  32. 30Agreements by way of wager void
  33. III — OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS
  34. 31"Contingent contract" defined
  35. 32Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event happening
  36. 33Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event not happening
  37. 36Agreement contingent on impossible events void
  38. IV — OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS
  39. 37Obligation of parties to contracts
  40. 38Effect of refusal to accept offer of performance
  41. 39Effect of refusal of party to perform promise wholly
  42. 41Effect of accepting performance from third person
  43. 42Devolution of joint liabilities
  44. 45Devolution of joint rights
  45. 46Time for performance of promise, when no application is to be made and no time is specified
  46. 48Application for performance on certain day to be at proper time and place
  47. 49Place for performance of promise, where no application to be made and no place fixed for performance
  48. 50Performance in manner or at time prescribed or sanctioned by promisee
  49. 53Liability of party preventing event on which the contract is to take effect
  50. 55Effect of failure to perform at fixed time, in contract in which time is essential
  51. 56Agreement to do impossible act
  52. 58Alternative promise, one branch being illegal
  53. 60Application of payment where debt to be discharged is not indicated
  54. 61Application of payment where neither party appropriates
  55. 62Effect of novation, rescission, and alteration of contract
  56. 63Promisee may dispense with or remit performance of promisee
  57. 64Consequences of rescission of voidable contract
  58. 65Obligation of person who has received advantage under void agreement, or contract that becomes void
  59. 66Mode of communicating or revoking rescission of voidable contract
  60. 67Effect of neglect of promisee to afford promisor reasonable facilities for performance
  61. V — OF CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT
  62. 68Claim for necessaries supplied to person incapable of contracting, or on his account
  63. 72Liability of person to whom money is paid, or thing delivered, by mistake or under coercion
  64. VI — OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF BREACH OF CONTRACT
  65. 74Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated for
  66. 90[
  67. 114[
  68. 118[
  69. 119[
  70. 121[
  71. 122[
  72. 123[
  73. VIII — OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE
  74. 126"Contract of guarantee", "surety", "principal debtor" and "creditor"
  75. 127Consideration for guarantee
  76. 128Surety's liability
  77. 129"Continuing guarantee"
  78. 132Liability of two persons, primarily liable, not affected by arrangement between them that one shall be surety on other's default
  79. 135Discharge of surety when creditor compounds with, gives time to, or agrees not to sue, principal debtor
  80. 136Surety not discharged when agreement made with third person to give time to principal debtor
  81. 137Creditor's forbearance to sue does not discharge surety
  82. 139Discharge of surety by creditor's act or omission impairing surety's eventual remedy
  83. 142Guarantee obtained by misrepresentation invalid
  84. 143Guarantee obtained by concealment invalid
  85. 144Guarantee on contract that creditor shall not act on it until co-surety joins
  86. 146Co-sureties liable to contribute equally
  87. IX — OF BAILMENT
  88. 149Delivery to bailee how made
  89. 153Termination of bailment by bailee's act inconsistent with conditions
  90. 154Liability of bailee making unauthorized use of goods bailed
  91. 155Effect of mixture, with bailor's consent, of his goods with bailee's
  92. 157Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent, when the goods cannot be separated
  93. 158Repayment, by bailor, of necessary expenses
  94. 162Termination of gratuitous bailment by death
  95. 163Bailor entitled to increase or profit from goods bailed
  96. 164Bailor's responsibility to bailee
  97. 170Bailee's particular lien
  98. 176Pawnee's right where pawnor makes default
  99. 177Defaulting pawner's right to redeem
  100. 178APledge by person in possession under voidable contract
  101. 179Pledge where pawnor has only a limited interest
  102. 181Apportionment of relief or compensation obtained by such suits
  103. X — AGENCY
  104. 183Who may employ agent
  105. 184Who may be an agent
  106. 185Consideration not necessary
  107. 186Agent's authority may be expressed or implied
  108. 187Definitions of express and implied authority
  109. 188Extent of agent's authority
  110. 190When agent cannot delegate
  111. 191"Sub-agent" defined
  112. 192Representation of principal by sub-agent properly appointed
  113. 193Agent's responsibility for sub-agent appointed without authority
  114. 195Agent's duty in naming such person
  115. 196Right of person as to acts done for him without his authority
  116. 201Termination of agency
  117. 206Notice of revocation or renunciation
  118. 210Termination of sub-agent's authority
  119. 212Skill and diligence required from agent
  120. 216Principal's right to benefit gained by agent dealing on his own account in business of agency
  121. 218Agent's duty to pay sums received for principal
  122. 221Agent's lien on principal's property
  123. 226Enforcement and consequences of agent's contracts
  124. 227Principal how far bound, when agent exceeds authority
  125. 232Performance of contract with agent supposed to be principal
  126. 234Consequence of inducing agent or principal to act on belief that principal or agent will be held exclusively liable
  127. 235Liability of pretended agent
  128. 238Effect, on agreement, of misrepresentation of fraud, by agent
  129. IX — OF BAILMENT
  130. 1151Care to be taken by bailee
  131. 1161Bailee's responsibility when goods are not duly returned