The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Sections

1. CHAPTER I — Preliminary
2. 1Short title, commencement and application
3. 2Definitions
4. 3General explanations
5. CHAPTER II — Of Punishments
6. 4Punishments
7. 5Commutation of sentence
8. 6Fractions of terms of punishment
9. 7Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple
10. 8Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc
11. 9Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences
12. 10Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which
13. 11Solitary confinement
14. 12Limit of solitary confinement
15. 13Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction
16. CHAPTER III — General Exceptions
17. 14Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
18. 15Act of Judge when acting judicially
19. 16Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court
20. 17Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
21. 18Accident in doing a lawful act
22. 19Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
23. 20Act of a child under seven years of age
24. 21Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding
25. 22Act of a person of unsound mind
26. 23Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will
27. 24Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated
28. 25Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent
29. 26Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit
30. 27Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian
31. 28Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
32. 29Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused
33. 30Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent
34. 31Communication made in good faith
35. 32Act to which a person is compelled by threats
36. 33Act causing slight harm
37. 34Things done in private defence
38. 35Right of private defence of body and of property
39. 36Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc
40. 37Acts against which there is no right of private defence
41. 38When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
42. 39When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
43. 40Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body
44. 41When right of private defence of property extends to causing death
45. 42When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
46. 43Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
47. 44Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person
48. CHAPTER IV — Of Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy And Attempt
49. 45Abetment of a thing
50. 46Abettor
51. 47Abetment in India of offences outside India
52. 48Abetment outside India for offence in India
53. 49Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
54. 50Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
55. 51Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
56. 52Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
57. 53Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor
58. 54Abettor present when offence is committed
59. 55Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
60. 56Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
61. 57Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons
62. 58Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
63. 59Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
64. 60Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment
65. 61Criminal conspiracy
66. 62Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
67. CHAPTER V — Of Offences Against Woman And Child
68. 63Rape
69. 64Punishment for rape
70. 65Punishment for rape in certain cases
71. 66Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim
72. 67Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation
73. 68Sexual intercourse by a person in authority
74. 69Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc
75. 70Gang rape
76. 71Punishment for repeat offenders
77. 72Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc
78. 73Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission
79. 74Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty
80. 75Sexual harassment
81. 76Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
82. 77Voyeurism
83. 78Stalking
84. 79Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman
85. 80Dowry death
86. 81Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage
87. 82Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife
88. 83Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage
89. 84Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman
90. 85Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty
91. 86Cruelty defined
92. 87Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc
93. 88Causing miscarriage
94. 89Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent
95. 90Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage
96. 91Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth
97. 92Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide
98. 93Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
99. 94Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body
100. 95Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence
101. 96Procuration of child
102. 97Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person
103. 98Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc
104. 99Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc
105. CHAPTER VI — Of Offences Affecting The Human Body
106. 100Culpable homicide
107. 101Murder
108. 102Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended
109. 103Punishment for murder
110. 104Punishment for murder by life-convict
111. 105Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder
112. 106Causing death by negligence
113. 107Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind
114. 108Abetment of suicide
115. 109Attempt to murder
116. 110Attempt to commit culpable homicide
117. 111Organised crime
118. 112Petty organised crime
119. 113Terrorist act
120. 114Hurt
121. 115Voluntarily causing hurt
122. 116Grievous hurt
123. 117Voluntarily causing grievous hurt
124. 118Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means
125. 119Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act
126. 120Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
127. 121Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty
128. 122Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation
129. 123Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence
130. 124Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc
131. 125Act endangering life or personal safety of others
132. 126Wrongful restraint
133. 127Wrongful confinement
134. 128Force
135. 129Criminal force
136. 130Assault
137. 131Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation
138. 132Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty
139. 133Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation
140. 134Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person
141. 135Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person
142. 136Assault or criminal force on grave provocation
143. 137Kidnapping
144. 138Abduction
145. 139Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging
146. 140Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc
147. 141Importation of girl or boy from foreign country
148. 142Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person
149. 143Trafficking of person
150. 144Exploitation of a trafficked person
151. 145Habitual dealing in slaves
152. 146Unlawful compulsory labour
153. CHAPTER VII — Os
154. 147Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India
155. 148Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147
156. 149Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India
157. 150Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war
158. 151Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power
159. 152Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
160. 153Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India
161. 154Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India
162. 155Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154
163. 156Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape
164. 157Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape
165. 158Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner
166. CHAPTER VIII — Of Offences Relating To The Army, Navy And Air Force
167. 159Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty
168. 160Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof
169. 161Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office
170. 162Abetment of such assault, if assault committed
171. 163Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman
172. 164Harbouring deserter
173. 165Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master
174. 166Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman
175. 167Persons subject to certain Acts
176. 168Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman
177. CHAPTER IX — Of Offences Relating To Elections
178. 169Candidate, electoral right defined
179. 170Bribery
180. 171Undue influence at elections
181. 172Personation at elections
182. 173Punishment for bribery
183. 174Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election
184. 175False statement in connection with an election
185. 176Illegal payments in connection with an election
186. 177Failure to keep election accounts
187. CHAPTER X — Of Offences Relating To Coin, Currency-Notes, Bank-Notes, And Government Stamps
188. 178Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
189. 179Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank- notes
190. 180Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank- notes
191. 181Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
192. 182Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
193. 183Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
194. 184Using Government stamp known to have been before used
195. 185Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
196. 186Prohibition of fictitious stamps
197. 187Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
198. 188Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint
199. CHAPTER XI — Of Offences Against The Public Tranquillity
200. 189Unlawful assembly
201. 190Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object
202. 191Rioting
203. 192Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed
204. 193Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place
205. 194Affray
206. 195Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc
207. 196Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony
208. 197Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration
209. CHAPTER XII — Of Offences By Or Relating To Public Servants
210. 198Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person
211. 199Public servant disobeying direction under law
212. 200Punishment for non-treatment of victim
213. 201Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury
214. 202Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade
215. 203Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property
216. 204Personating a public servant
217. 205Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent
218. CHAPTER XIII — Of Contempts Of The Lawful Authority Of Public Servants
219. 206Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding
220. 207Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof
221. 208Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant
222. 209Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
223. 210Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it
224. 211Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
225. 212Furnishing false information
226. 213Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it
227. 214Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question
228. 215Refusing to sign statement
229. 216False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation
230. 217False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person
231. 218Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant
232. 219Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant
233. 220Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant
234. 221Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions
235. 222Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance
236. 223Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant
237. 224Threat of injury to public servant
238. 225Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
239. 226Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power
240. CHAPTER XIV — Of False Evidence And Offences Against Public Justice
241. 227Giving false evidence
242. 228Fabricating false evidence
243. 229Punishment for false evidence
244. 230Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence
245. 231Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment
246. 232Threatening any person to give false evidence
247. 233Using evidence known to be false
248. 234Issuing or signing false certificate
249. 235Using as true a certificate known to be false
250. 236False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence
251. 237Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false
252. 238Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender
253. 239Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform
254. 240Giving false information respecting an offence committed
255. 241Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence
256. 242False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution
257. 243Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
258. 244Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
259. 245Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due
260. 246Dishonestly making false claim in Court
261. 247Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due
262. 248False charge of offence made with intent to injure
263. 249Harbouring offender
264. 250Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment
265. 251Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender
266. 252Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc
267. 253Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered
268. 254Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits
269. 255Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
270. 256Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
271. 257Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law
272. 258Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law
273. 259Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend
274. 260Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed
275. 261Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant
276. 262Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension
277. 263Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person
278. 264Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for
279. 265Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for
280. 266Violation of condition of remission of punishment
281. 267Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding
282. 268Personation of assessor
283. 269Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court
284. CHAPTER XV — Of Offences Affecting The Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Decency And Morals
285. 270Public nuisance
286. 271Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
287. 272Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
288. 273Disobedience to quarantine rule
289. 274Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale
290. 275Sale of noxious food or drink
291. 276Adulteration of drugs
292. 277Sale of adulterated drugs
293. 278Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation
294. 279Fouling water of public spring or reservoir
295. 280Making atmosphere noxious to health
296. 281Rash driving or riding on a public way
297. 282Rash navigation of vessel
298. 283Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy
299. 284Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel
300. 285Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation
301. 286Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance
302. 287Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter
303. 288Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance
304. 289Negligent conduct with respect to machinery
305. 290Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc
306. 291Negligent conduct with respect to animal
307. 292Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for
308. 293Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue
309. 294Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc
310. 295Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child
311. 296Obscene acts and songs
312. 297Keeping lottery office
313. CHAPTER XVI — Of Offences Relating To Religion
314. 298Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class
315. 299Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs
316. 300Disturbing religious assembly
317. 301Trespassing on burial places, etc
318. 302Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person
319. CHAPTER XVII — Of Offences Against Property
320. 303Theft
321. 304Snatching
322. 305Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc
323. 306Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master
324. 307Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft
325. 308Extortion
326. 309Robbery
327. 310Dacoity
328. 311Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt
329. 312Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon
330. 313Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc
331. 314Dishonest misappropriation of property
332. 315Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death
333. 316Criminal breach of trust
334. 317Stolen property
335. 318Cheating
336. 319Cheating by personation
337. 320Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
338. 321Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
339. 322Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration
340. 323Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property
341. 324Mischief
342. 325Mischief by killing or maiming animal
343. 326Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc
344. 327Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden
345. 328Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc
346. 329Criminal trespass and house-trespass
347. 330House-trespass and house-breaking
348. 331Punishment for house-trespass or house-breaking
349. 332House-trespass in order to commit offence
350. 333House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint
351. 334Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property
352. CHAPTER XVIII — Of Offences Relating To Documents And To Property Marks
353. 335Making a false document
354. 336Forgery
355. 337Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc
356. 338Forgery of valuable security, will, etc
357. 339Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine
358. 340Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine
359. 341Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338
360. 342Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material
361. 343Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security
362. 344Falsification of accounts
363. 345Property mark
364. 346Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury
365. 347Counterfeiting a property mark
366. 348Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark
367. 349Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark
368. 350Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods
369. CHAPTER XIX — Of Criminal Intimidation, Insult, Annoyance, Defamation, Etc.
370. 351Criminal intimidation
371. 352Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
372. 353Statements conducing to public mischief
373. 354Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
374. 355Misconduct in public by a drunken person
375. 356Defamation
376. 357Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person
377. CHAPTER XX — Repeal And Savings
378. 358Repeal and savings